Figures

Figure 1: Cost Estimating Challenges and Mitigations
Figure 2: A Representative Life Cycle Cost Estimate for a System
Figure 3: Cone of Uncertainty
Figure 4: An Affordability Assessment
Figure 5: The Cost Estimating Process
Figure 6: Disciplines and Concepts in Cost Analysis
Figure 7: A Product-Oriented Work Breakdown Structure
Figure 8: A Work Breakdown Structure with Common Elements
Figure 9: A Contract Work Breakdown Structure
Figure 10: A Learning Curve
Figure 11: A Sensitivity Analysis that Creates a Range around a Point Estimate
Figure 12: Tornado Chart for a Sensitivity Analysis
Figure 13: Notional Changes in Cost Ranges across the Life Cycle
Figure 14: A Cumulative Distribution Function, or S Curve
Figure 15: Air Vehicle Cost Cumulative Probability Distribution from a Three-Point Estimate
Figure 16: Air Vehicle Cost Cumulative Probability Distribution from a Risk Driver Simulation
Figure 17: Cumulative Probability Distributions with and without Correlation
Figure 18: Estimating Steps and Best Practices Related to a Comprehensive Estimate
Figure 19: Estimating Steps and Best Practices Related to a Well-Documented Estimate
Figure 20: Estimating Steps and Best Practices Related to an Accurate Estimate
Figure 21: Estimating Steps and Best Practices Related to a Credible Estimate
Figure 22: Integrating Cost Estimation, Systems Development Oversight, and Risk Management
Figure 23: Integrating Earned Value Management and Risk Management
Figure 24: Inputs and Outputs for Tracking Earned Value
Figure 25: Work Breakdown Structure Integration of Cost, Schedule, and Technical Information
Figure 26: Identifying Responsibility for Managing Work at the Control Account
Figure 27: Earned Value, Using the Percent Complete Method, Compared to Planned Costs
Figure 28: The Genesis of the Performance Measurement Baseline
Figure 29: The Time-Phased Cumulative Performance Measurement Baseline
Figure 30: Monthly Program Assessment Using Earned Value
Figure 31: Overall Program View of Earned Value Management Data
Figure 32: Understanding Program Cost Growth by Plotting Budget at Completion Trends
Figure 33: Understanding Program Performance by Plotting Cost and Schedule Variances
Figure 34: Understanding Expected Cost Overruns at by Plotting Estimate at Completion
Figure 35: The Earned Value Management System Acceptance Process
Figure 36: The Effect on a Contract of Implementing an Overtarget Budget
Figure 37: Steps Typically Associated with Implementing an Overtarget Budget
Figure 38: Establishing a New Baseline with a Single Point Adjustment
Figure 39: Technology Readiness Levels
Figure 40: Analysis of Alternatives Process Chart
Figure 41: Internal Control Cube
Figure 42: Principles of Internal Control